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Network Latency Calculator

Estimate round-trip latency for distributed systems — propagation delay, serialization, processing, and multi-hop chains

⚡ Quick Scenarios

Same Datacenter Cross-Region (US) Transatlantic Transpacific CDN Edge → Origin Mobile 4G Satellite (LEO) Geostationary Sat Microservice Chain

📡 Single Hop Calculator

🔗 Multi-Hop Chain

Model a request path through multiple services (e.g., CDN → LB → App → Cache → DB)

📈 SLA Impact Reference

SLA TargetDowntime / YearMax Latency BudgetTypical Use Case
99.9% (3 nines)8h 45m500msInternal tools, dashboards
99.95%4h 22m300msBusiness applications
99.99% (4 nines)52m 36s200msE-commerce, SaaS APIs
99.999% (5 nines)5m 15s100msFinancial, real-time systems

📚 Latency Reference Numbers

OperationTypical Latency
L1 cache reference0.5 ns
L2 cache reference7 ns
Main memory reference100 ns
SSD random read150 μs
HDD random read10 ms
Same datacenter RTT0.5 ms
Same region (cloud)1–2 ms
Cross-region (US)40–70 ms
US → Europe80–120 ms
US → Asia150–250 ms
DNS lookup20–120 ms
TLS handshake30–100 ms
TCP handshake1 RTT (varies)